HACKING IN THE (CYBER)SPACE

Authors

  • Grażyna Szpor Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in Warsaw
  • Agnieszka Gryszczyńska Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in Warsaw

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.57599/gisoj.2022.2.1.141

Keywords:

hacking, cybersecurity, spatial data, cyberspace, incident

Abstract

The article analyzes the concept of hacking, taking into account its evolution from a neutral term that means going beyond specific schemes of action to a negative context in which the concept is often equated with a cyber-security breach or cybercrime. A study of the understanding of the concept of space and cyberspace, as well as selected cyber threats, shows the impact of the development of modern technologies on the blurring of the boundaries between real and virtual space. Based on selected cases in the field of cybercrime, the specific features of actions in cyberspace and their effects in the real world are indicated. New methods of cybercriminals open up new areas of criminological research on the geography of crime. The paper points out the
involvement of State-Actors in cyber attacks, which makes it challenging to eliminate safe harbors for cyber criminals and reduces the effectiveness of instruments of international cooperation in criminal cases.

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Published

2022-09-18

How to Cite

Szpor, G., & Gryszczyńska, A. (2022). HACKING IN THE (CYBER)SPACE. GIS Odyssey Journal, 2(1), 141–152. https://doi.org/10.57599/gisoj.2022.2.1.141